What is Uluru?

How it formed

Uluru is made of arkose, a coarse sandstone rich in feldspar. Its layers formed from sediments more than 500 million years ago, then were tilted almost vertical by Earth movements. Over millions of years, softer rock around it eroded away, leaving Uluru standing. Scientists think much more of the rock lies hidden underground, like an iceberg.

Why it changes color

Uluru glows red and orange, especially at sunrise and sunset, because iron minerals in its surface have rusted. After rain, it can look silver-gray, and waterfalls pour down its sides.

A sacred place

For the Anangu, Uluru is part of the Tjukurpa, their law and creation stories, which link the land, people and ancestral beings. Some areas are sacred and can’t be photographed. In 1985, the land was formally returned to the Anangu, who now manage the park jointly with the Australian government.

Climbing is banned

For decades, tourists climbed Uluru, despite the Anangu asking them not to. Climbing was officially banned from October 26, 2019, out of respect for its cultural significance and for safety; dozens of people had died on the climb.

Planning a trip to the Red Centre

The nearest town is Yulara, with flights from major Australian cities. Check what time it is in Australia when planning; central Australia uses a different time zone from Sydney.

For another famous natural rock formation, see the Giant’s Causeway.